![]() By selectively administering estradiol and/or progesterone while the subjects were suppressed, we isolated the effects of these hormones on the fluid and sodium regulatory systems during acute fluid or osmotic challenges. The suppression is followed by controlled administration of estradiol, progesterone, or combined estradiol-progesterone to physiological levels. These protocols, in effect, pharmacologically “oophorectomize” subjects for a short easily reversible period. 1) to suppress reproductive function (and thus estrogens, progesterone, and gonadotropins). A series of studies described in this article used a newer paradigm to control the levels of sex hormones through the use of either a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist or antagonist ( Fig. However, when examining the interaction of these hormones and body fluid regulation under these study paradigms, estradiol or progesterone were elevated or suppressed simultaneously, so we did not isolate their individual effects. In our early studies, we determined reproductive hormone effects on body water regulation system in young women by examining responses to fluid perturbations either during the different phases of the menstrual cycle or during administration of oral contraceptives. The study of reproductive hormone effects on physiological systems is complex in young women because of hormonal fluctuations over the course of the menstrual cycle ( Fig. Moreover, the impact of sex hormones on body fluid and sodium regulation has important implications for a number of syndromes for which women are at risk, including orthostatic hypotension, insulin resistance, polycystic ovary syndrome, and neurological consequences from postoperative ( 8) and exercise-associated hyponatremia ( 1). Receptors for estrogens and progesterone are found in nonreproductive tissue involved in fluid regulation, such as the hypothalamus ( 10, 21), the cardiovascular system ( 6, 19), and the kidney tubules ( 6). One mechanism by which estrogens or progesterone may impact physiological systems is through regulation of body fluids and sodium content. For example, premenopausal women have delayed and less severe manifestation of cardiovascular diseases than do men ( 13), and although there continues to be some controversy surrounding hormone replacement in postmenopausal women, hormone replacement therapy is usually associated with improved cardiovascular function in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women ( 6, 19). ![]() There are clear sex differences in risk factors for a number of syndromes and diseases in addition to sex differences in the function of many physiological systems.
0 Comments
Brief reference is made to a cluster of similar events in Brazil, opening up the door to a sequel. The film’s storyline follows many of your typical beats of a supernatural horror-mystery, escalating from a quick Google (the internet-age equivalent of a good old-fashioned library scene) to an in-person interview with a traumatized, incarcerated survivor of whatever this malevolent entity actually is. Their tentative reunion opens the door to the film’s mystery element, which makes up much of “Smile’s” long, but not overly long, 115-minute run time. The only one who believes Rose is her ex, Joel ( Kyle Gallner), a cop who’s been assigned to Laura’s case. Desai ( Kal Penn), and her sister Holly (Gillian Zinzer), certainly seem to think the problem is more neurochemical than supernatural-that is, until it’s way too late. The people around Rose, including Trevor, her therapist Dr. The idea that she might not actually be plagued by the same entity that killed Laura, and that her hallucinations, lost time, and emotional volatility might have an internal cause, seems to bother Rose more than the concept of being cursed. Usher) admits that he’s researched inherited mental illness online, and harsh terms like “nutjobs,” “crazies,” and “head cases” are used to describe mentally ill people throughout the film. That lingering trauma, and the fears and stigma that surround it, form the film’s most intelligent thematic thread: Rose’s fiance Trevor ( Jessie T. This would unsettle anyone, but it especially bothers Rose given that Rose’s own mother died by suicide many years earlier. At the end of the extended dialogue scene that opens the film, Laura turns to Rose with a psychotic grin on her face and proceeds to slit her own throat. ![]() “It looks like people, but it’s not a person,” Laura explains, saying that this thing has been following her ever since she witnessed one of her professors bludgeoning himself to death with a hammer four days earlier. That’s where Rose briefly meets Laura ( Caitlin Stasey), a PhD student who’s brought to the psychiatric emergency ward where Rose works, shaking and terrified that something is out to get her. Rose Cotter ( Sosie Bacon) throughout “Smile” likes the taste of people who have witnessed someone else dying by suicide-gruesome, painful, bloody suicide, by garden shears and oncoming trains and the shattered fragments of a ceramic vase in a hospital intake room. ![]() Specifically, the vague something that dogs Dr. The difference here is that the monster is barely a metaphor at all: The demon, or evil spirit, or whatever it is-the movie is vague on this point-literally feeds on, and is spread by, trauma. And although it comes on the cusp of a new decade, the new Paramount wide-release horror movie "Smile" fits right in with its PTSD-induced kin. ![]() When the horror histories of the 2010s are written, the decade will be associated with trauma metaphors the way the ‘80s are with slasher movies. ![]() Drag queen names can be generated at random by clicking the Generate button. Nick … Pissi Myles performing "Big Fat Drag Queen" We’ve compiled a list of our favorite witty drag queen names but there are no doubt more out there that we missed so be sure to let us know your favorite drag queen names in the comment section! (Editor’s Home. An explicit viral video of a raunchy Texas drag queen show performed in font of a little girl sparked a social media backlash - and has state lawmakers pledging legislative action Download PDF: Understanding Drag. Equal parts gross and cheeky, Lucy Stoole is a Chicago queen whose name is always bound to get a smile from you. ![]() The Boulet Brothers' Dragula (season 1) season 1 contestant, George Santos viral drag number. The earlier Worst Cooks and Food Truck Race are great.
![]() Back on the airships, the Hell Divers are recovering from a gruesome discovery at Red Sphere, where they learned the truth about World War III. For the first time in X's life, he is forced to lay down his arms and surrender. Like you, I am also eager to serve Super Earth with even better tools of liberation and in new ways to protect it even better from the enemies of controlled democracy and freedom. IGN gave it a 9/10, saying it "isn’t the prettiest game you can play on PS4, PS3 or Vita, but Helldivers is one of the most exhilarating, and you’ll get all three versions for the price of one."Ĭheck out everything that was announced and showed at the PlayStation Showcase right here. But this 'paradise' is really a violent warrior society ruled by the cannibal King el Pulpo. Greetings to my battle-hardened veterans and comrades of the honorable Helldivers Corps. ![]() Publisher Sony Interactive Entertainment and developer Arrowhead. Helldivers was largely well received, with reviewers and fans particularly praising the co-op action. Third-person co-op team shooter due out in 2023. "Team up with up to four friends and wreak havoc on the alien scourge that threatens the safety of your home, Super Earth. "You’ll step into the boots of an elite class of soldiers whose mission is to spread peace, liberty, and Managed Democracy using the biggest, baddest, and most explosive tools in the galaxy," said today's Helldivers 2 blog post. It immediately drew comparisons to Starship Troopers, the 1959 novel of the same name and 1997 Paul Verhoeven film adaptation, even opening with something of an homage to the latter with a propaganda video. Helldivers took place in what's called "Super Earth," and the player acts as a citizen that joins a commando team tasked with fighting aliens in various biomes. ![]() The death of José José, Mexican musician and singer (b. The death of Predrag Ejdus, Serbian actor (b. The death of Daniel Pe'er, Israeli television host and newsreader (b. The death of Gloria Naylor, American novelist (b. The death of Shimon Peres, Polish-Israeli statesman and politician, 9th President of Israel (b. The death of Gary Glasberg, American television writer and producer (b. The death of Agnes Nixon, American television writer and director (b. The death of Ignacio Zoco, Spanish footballer (b. The death of Walter Dale Miller, American rancher and politician, 29th Governor of South Dakota (b. ![]() The death of Alexander Faris, Irish composer and conductor (b. The death of Petr Skoumal, Czech pianist and composer (b. The death of Tim Rawlings, English footballer and manager (b. The death of Sheila Faith, English dentist and politician (b. Alexander, American colonel and historian (b. The birth of Kayla Day, American tennis player The birth of Panna Udvardy, Hungarian tennis player The birth of Aiden Moffat, British race car driver The birth of Jason Williams, English footballer The birth of Jodie Williams, English sprinter The birth of Kōko Tsurumi, Japanese gymnast The birth of Adam Thompson, English-Northern Irish footballer The birth of Paula Ormaechea, Argentine tennis player The birth of Khem Birch, Canadian professional basketball player The birth of Phoenix Battye, Australian rugby player The birth of Mark Randall, English footballer The birth of Darius Johnson-Odom, American basketball player The birth of Çağla Büyükakçay, Turkish tennis player The birth of Worakls, French DJ and electronic musician The birth of Aleks Vrteski, Australian footballer The 7.5 Mw 2018 Sulawesi earthquake, which triggered a large tsunami, leaves 4,340 dead and 10,679 injured. The 2016 South Australian blackout occurs, lasting up to three days in some areas. ![]() The 2014 Hong Kong protests begin in response to restrictive political reforms imposed by the NPC in Beijing. Somali and African Union forces launch a coordinated assault on the Somali port of Kismayo to take back the city from al-Shabaab militants. The military junta leading Guinea attacks a protest rally, killing or wounding 1,400 people. had been ordered to crash his car to help bring out the safety car and give Alonso the advantage and win. Almost a year later it was revealed that Alonso's team-mate Nelson Piquet Jr. The Singapore Grand Prix is held as Formula One's inaugural night race, with Fernando Alonso winning the event. Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin and PLO Chairman Yasser Arafat sign the Interim Agreement on the West Bank and the Gaza Strip.Īl-Aqsa Intifada: Ariel Sharon visits Al-Aqsa Mosque known to Jews as the Temple Mount in Jerusalem.įalcon 1 becomes the first privately developed liquid-fuel ground-launched vehicle to put a payload into orbit by the RatSat mission. The cruise ferry MS Estonia sinks in the Baltic Sea, killing 852 people.īob Denard and a group of mercenaries take the islands of the Comoros in a coup. The Democratic Progressive Party becomes the first opposition party in Taiwan.Ī Pakistan International Airlines flight crashes into a hill in Nepal, killing all 167 passengers and crew. The Spaghetti House siege, in which nine people are taken hostage, takes place in London. The ITT Building in New York City is bombed in protest at ITT's alleged involvement in the coup d'état in Chile. Historical Events on Kendra Oyesanya Birthday (September 28)īelow are historical events that coincided with Kendra Oyesanya's birthday including important historical events as well as births and deaths of historical figures. Learn more interesting facts about Septembirthday.Kendra Oyesanya age in next birthday (2024) is 36 years old.Next Kendra Oyesanya birthday is on Saturday, September 28th 2024.Kendra Oyesanya age in second is 1132358400 seconds old.Kendra Oyesanya age in minute is 18872640 minutes old.Kendra Oyesanya age in hour is 314544 hours old.Kendra Oyesanya age in day is 13106 days old.Kendra Oyesanya age in month is 430 months old.Kendra Oyesanya age in year is 35 years old.Kendra Oyesanya's birth flower is Morning glory that symbolize daintiness & love.Kendra Oyesanya's birthstone is Sapphire.Roman numeral of Kendra Oyesanya birthday is XXVIII.IX.MCMLXXXVII.Kendra Oyesanya has Libra zodiac sign and Air element based on western astrology.Kendra Oyesanya was born on Monday, 271 st day / 40 th week of 1987.Here's quick list of some fun facts about Kendra Oyesanya's birthday you must know including detailed age calculation, western astrology, roman numeral, birthstone and birth flower. Fun Facts about Kendra Oyesanya's Birthday At the same time, United and Hawaiian Airlines rolled out at-home, drive-thru and airport-based rapid testing programs that comply with state requirements. The state also only accepts one form of testing, nucleic acid amplification. 15, requires visitors to pre-register online and upload negative test results from a designated lab taken within 72 hours of travel. For instance, Hawaii, which implemented its testing program on Oct. Scams like these may have less of a chance of succeeding in destinations that require all test results to be delivered electronically instead of accepting printed forms. Thanks to more readily available testing, COVID-19 test forgery does not appear to be widespread in the U.S. However, early on in the pandemic, the FBI and Federal Trade Commission warned of fake pop-up testing sites being used to steal unsuspecting customers' social security numbers and credit card information. The man told the newspaper that at the time he needed to travel, tests were reserved for essential workers or people with demonstrated symptoms. Why would someone fake a result rather than just making an appointment at their local testing site? And instead of going to Fernando de Noronha’s top-rated Sancho Bay beach, they went to jail.Ī British man came right out and told The Lancashire Telegraph that he swapped his own name and birthdate in on a friend's electronic test result and printed it out when he needed negative results within 96 hours in order to travel to Pakistan. A call to the lab confirmed they had altered the dates on their tests in order to meet the 24-hour requirements. When officials rejected their three-day-old test results, the suspects declined to be retested and instead handed over a different set of test results with a different date, which raised red flags. Last month, police arrested four Brazilian tourists for presenting altered testing documents when they arrived via private plane in Fernando de Noronha, an island chain off that country's northern coast that requires negative COVID-19 test results no older than 24 hours. ![]() The practice of falsifying COVID test results has also popped up in South America. If convicted, the suspects face up to five years in prison and nearly a half million dollars in fines. The arrests were the fruits of an investigation that began with fake documentation from a passenger bound for Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. ![]() Last week, French police arrested seven people for selling falsified negative test results at Paris' Charles de Gaulle International Airport, which is Europe's largest. Prosecutors said the suspects were charging between $180-360 for fake certificates. With COVID-19 tests becoming a common entry requirement for countries and states, a black market has popped up to serve travelers who need test results taken within a few days of departure. Watch Video: How to get a free COVID-19 antibody test Ritual of the Ocean's Bounty - Perform a ritual at your temple which for two days will make special fish more likely to appear while fishing.Ritual of the Harvest - Perform a ritual at your temple that causes all seeds to immediately be ready for harvest.No negative Faith when a follower eats a meal made from grass. Grass Eater Trait - All cult members will gain the Grass Eater Trait.+5 Faith when eating a meal made from the follower meat. Cannibal Trait - All cult members will gain the Cannibal Trait.Throw a grand feast for your followers to refill their hunger and gain +25 Faith. Feasting Ritual - Unlock the Feasting Ritual.Followers will not eat or be hungry for the next three days. Ritual Fast - Perform a ritual at your temple to declare a fast.Tax Enforcer - Perform a ritual at your temple in which you appoint a follower as your Tax Enforcer, tasked with collecting money from other cult members.Loyalty Enforcer - Perform a ritual at your temple in which you appoint a follower as your Loyalty Enforcer, tasked with patrolling the cult and raising the loyalty of your followers.Every day that begins without in prison, gain +10 Faith. Belief in Absolution Trait - Freedom above all else.Reduced Faith loss when putting a follower in jail who is not dissenting. Belief in Original Sin Trait - All are born guilty.Wedding - Allows you to perform a ritual at the temple and marry one of your followers.Ritualistic Fight Pit - Allows you to perform a ritual where two followers are forced to fight to the death.Ascend Follower Ritual - Perform a ritual at your temple in which you can ascend a follower's spirit to a higher plane of existence.Allows you to murder a follower, but some followers who see it can become distraught. Murder Follower - Unlocks the Murder Follower action.Gain more Faith when delivering a Sermon. Devotee Trait - All cult members will gain the Devotee trait.When a new building is constructed, gain +5 Faith. Sacral Architecture - All cult members will gain the Sacral Architecture trait.Ritual of Enrichment - Perform a ritual at your temple in which all followers donate coins to you.Alms for the Poor - Perform a ritual at your temple in which you distribute Gold to all followers to increase their loyalty.Gain more Faith when placing a decoration building. Belief in False Idols Trait - All cult members will gain the False Idols trait.Gain Faith when building better sleeping quarters. Belief in Materialism Trait - All cult members will gain the Materialistic trait.Bribe a follower with three gold to increase their loyalty. Bribe Follower - Unlocks the Bribe Follower action.Extort Tithes - Unlocks the Extort Tithes follower action.Your followers will not work that day and gain +80 Faith. Holy Day - Perform a ritual at your temple declaring a day of rest.Glory Through Toil Ritual - Perform a ritual at your temple which allows your followers to work through three days and nights without getting tired.Ritual of Enlightenment - Perform a ritual at your temple that will temporarily increase Devotion generation speed at your shrine by 20% for three days.The Glory of Construction - Perform a ritual at your temple that will immediately build all structures currently under construction.Intimidate - Intimidate a follower to slightly increase their loyalty as well as make them work 10% harder for two days.Inspire - Inspire a follower to significantly increase their loyalty.Industrious Trait - All cult members will gain the Industrious trait and increase work speed by 15%.Generate Cult of the Lamb Devotion 15% faster. Faithful Trait - All cult members will gain the Faithful trait.Gain +2 Faith when followers grieve at the Grave. Grieve the Fallen - Unlocks the Grave building.The corpses of the dead followers can return to the earth to become Fertilizer. Return to the Earth - Unlocks Natural Burial building.Gain +10 Faith if an elder is sacrificed, murdered, or consumed, but lose -20 Faith if an elder dies naturally. The Good Die Young - All cult members will gain the Good Die Young trait.Followers receive +5 Faith for every elder follower in the cult Respect Your Elders - All cult members will gain the Respect Your Elders trait.Funeral - Perform a ritual at your temple to conduct a funeral for a recently passed follower.Ritual of Resurrection - Perform a ritual at your temple that allows you to bring a dead follower back to life.Faith loss is reduced to -5 Faith when a follower dies. ![]() Belief in Afterlife Trait - All cult members will gain the Belief in Sacrifice trait.+20 Faith when another cult member is sacrificed. Belief in Sacrifice Trait - All cult members will gain the Belief in Sacrifice trait. ![]() In common rail direct injection, the combustion takes place directly into the main combustion chamber located in a cavity above the piston crown. ![]() However, they considerably differ from each other on parameters such as pressure & type of fuel used. Both these technologies have a similarity in design since they consist of “fuel-rail” which supplies fuel to injectors. However, in diesel engines, manufacturers refer to this technology as CRDi whereas petrol engines term it as gasoline direct injection or fuel stratified injection. Both petrol and diesel engines use a common ‘fuel-rail’ which supplies the fuel to injectors. Most modern engine’s fuel systems use an advanced technology known as CRDi or common rail direct injection. The common rail for diesel engine is made of steel, while the common rail for gasoline engine is made of stainless steel, because the fuel is too corrosive and stainless steel possesses better resistance to corrosion than steel. The used materials are usually steel and stainless steel. Good mechanical properties ensure strength and prevent corrosion. The material selection is also a point that shouldn’t be underestimated. Defining the right parameters in the design phase is essential, but what really matters is strictly following them during the manufacturing process. ![]() Even a minimal size or shape fluctuation could lead to failures. ![]() Precise design contributes to better common rail performance. Both diesel and gasoline engines tend to become smaller and lighter for better fuel efficiency and improved performance which increases the fuel pressure and sets entirely new standards for the manufacturing of a high-quality common rail.įirst, the geometrical accuracy of the component is of critical importance. The increase in the fuel pressure is a result of the latest engines’ design. It receives the fuel from the pump and distributes it to the injectors under extremely high pressure. The common rail is a long metal cylinder. The system consists of a high-pressure pump, injectors, a rail, and an electronic control unit. The main advantages of the common rail direct fuel injection can be summarised in reduction of exhaust and noise emissions, better fuel efficiency and improved overall engine performance. Controlled by the electronic unit, the fuel is squirted directly where the combustion chamber is hottest, which makes it burn more evenly and thoroughly. In the direct injection system, the fuel is directly injected into the combustion chamber, skipping the waiting period in the air intake manifold. The main difference between a direct and a standard injection is the delivery of fuel and the way how this one mixes with incoming air. Each system consists of a high-pressure pump, injectors, a rail, and an electronic control unit.Ī common rail is one of the most important components in a diesel and gasoline direct injection system. With the common rail system, however, pressure generation and injection are separate, meaning that the fuel is constantly available at the required pressure for injection.Ĭommon rail systems have a modular design. With conventional diesel injection systems, the fuel pressure has to be generated individually for each injection. The system is named after the shared high-pressure reservoir (common rail) that supplies all the cylinders with fuel. Bosch launched the first common rail system in 1997. ![]() InSSIDer Office 4.4.0.6 Crack Final is the world's most powerful application for scanning, . the quantity RF obstruction there's within the five Gc and a couple of.4 Gc teams. inSSIDer Office Crack is designed for scanning, monitoring, and troubleshooting wireless networks. Wifi Analyzer is a Windows 10 app available on Microsoft Store. inSSIDer Office 4.4.0.6 Crack with License Key Download. InSSIDer is an established WiFi analyzer tool for the Windows operating system. inSSIDer 4 Crack is the world best and award-winning program designed by the professionals of “inSSIDer . With it you can learn MAC-address of each . Inssider 4.2 Crack is a program for scanning wireless networks operating systems Windows. Many downloads like Inssider 4 License Key may also include a crack, serial number, unlock code or keygen (key generator). inSSIDer Key helps you measure signal strength and evaluate the performance of your Wi-Fi in different locations. inSSIDer 5.4.0.0 License Key has been the leading Wi-Fi visualization tool. The main purpose of the application is to give you with information about the nearby wireless. ![]() InSSIDer 4 it is most interesting software. This Wi-Fi organizes disclosure apparatus InSSIDer 5.6.1.2 Crack shows each remote hotspot's MAC address, . 1.2 Crack & License Key Full Free Download. With inSSIDer Office Enterprise 4 Patch you can view MAC-address of each network device, type of protection, device vendor information, data . Inssider, inssider download, inssider lite, inssider android, inssider mac, inssider alternative, inssider iphone, inssider free download, inssider office, inssider review, inssider 4, inssider ios, inssider home download InSSIDer Office 5.6.1.2 Crack is the latest and powerful application that is used for scanning, monitoring, or troubleshooting . inSSIDer License Key provide you full coverage of the network and also information about the disorders and errors. inSSIDer Office 4 Crack + License Key Full Lisa Nancy FebruWindows Leave a comment 1,085 Views. InSSIDer Office 2020 Crack is a Wi-Fi network scanner program for Windows or OS X which is produced by the MetaGeek, LLC. Thanks for that idea, but more information is needed, e.g., the channel that each device is on. Inssider 4 License Key - This Wi-Fi scanner helps you see the best channel . These programs can include crack, keygen, patch or serial keys. Key features: Reconfigure and prevent unauthorized access Determine which channel is used less often View data rates of all networks in real- . inSSIDer Office License Key is a helpful application particularly intended for the IT experts that need to enhance the execution of a remote system. Cell network information such as IP address, technology, etc.InSSIDer Office 2021 Crack is a Wi-Fi network scanner program for Windows or OS X which is produced by the MetaGeek, LLC.Wifi network information such as SSID, BSSID, IP address (v4 and v6), and subnet mask.Default gateway, external IP (v4 and v6), DNS server Even though inSSIDer for Android is lacking a few of the capabilities of the desktop version, you still get the same important Wi-Fi-optimization information.Support of A, AAAA, CAA, CNAME, HINFO, MX, NS, PTR, SOA, SPF, SRV, SSHFP, TXT records.Functionality similar to nslookup or dig.Whois of domains, IP addresses and AS numbers.Description of the known open port services.Detection of closed, firewalled, and open ports.Scanning the most common ports or user-specified port ranges.Country detection of the analyzed server.When you can see how your network is affected by co-channel and overlapping networks, it becomes more clear how choosing the right channel is the first step in alleviating WiFi. Use inSSIDer with your free MetaGeek account for real-time visualization, or upgrade to MetaGeek Plus for advanced client device analytics. inSSIDer 4 is a great WiFi discovery tool that will give you the information you need to make an informed decision about the proper channel for your wireless network. Round trip delay including IP address and hostname for every network node Since 2007, inSSIDer has been the leading tool for visualizing your Wi-Fi environment by analyzing channel settings, security, signal strength, and the impact of neighboring Wi-Fi networks.IPv6 availability and discovered IPv6 addresses.NetBIOS, mDNS (Bonjour), LLMNR, and DNS name where available.Detection of all connected network devices.Finally, it displays various useful information related to your wifi/cell connection. Further, Network Analyzer contains standard diagnostic tools such as ping, traceroute, port scanner, DNS lookup, and whois. It is equipped with a fast wifi device discovery tool, including all the LAN device's addresses and names. Network Analyzer can help you diagnose various problems in your wifi network setup, Internet connectivity, and also detect various issues on remote servers thanks to the wide range of tools it provides. Network Analyzer is a lite version of Network Analyzer Pro - an advanced tool for network diagnostics, LAN scanning and problem detection. These updates are usually included in a minor update or a Supplemental update. Occasionally, certain Macs will also require a firmware update. Information on AppleInsider.Ī list of older previous versions of Mac OS X, OS X, and macOS is available here. Security content of Catalina 10.15.7 Update 2022-004. Security content of Catalina 10.15.7 Update 2022-005. Information on MacWorld.Ĭurrent Version: macOS Catalina 10.15.7 Update 2022-005, July 20, 2022. Previous Version: macOS Big Sur 11.7.8, JSecurity content of macOS Big Sur 11.7.8. Information on MacWorld.Ĭurrent Version: macOS Big Sur 11.7.9, JSecurity content of macOS Big Sur 11.7.9. Previous Version: macOS Monterey 12.6.7, JSecurity content of macOS Monterey 12.6.7. Information on AppleInsider, and MacRumors.Ĭurrent Version: macOS Monterey 12.6.8, JSecurity content of macOS Monterey 12.6.8. Previous Version: macOS Ventura 13.4.1, JSecurity content of macOS Ventura 13.4.1. Security content of macOS Ventura 13.4.1 (c). Rapid Security Response Version: macOS Ventura 13.4.1 (c), July 12, 2023. ![]() Information on AppleInsider, MacWorld, and MacRumors. Some Security Updates are folded into minor updates instead of being released as separate updates.Ĭurrent Version: macOS Ventura 13.5, JSecurity content of macOS Ventura 13.5. When an update marked Supplemental Update or Security Update is released, it is generally safe to install these shortly after the update is released, although I generally follow the same schedule and install such updates on the Friday after release.I generally install such updates on the Friday after release to give myself the weekend to further test and ensure my Mac is working as should from the update before the following week. When a minor update to a major operating system version is released (for Catalina, that would be 10.15.1, 10.15.2, 10.15.3, etc.), it is generally recommended to wait a few days after the update has been released before installing it to ensure no major issues have been noted. ![]() When a major operating system upgrade is released (such as macOS Catalina 10.15 in October), it is generally recommended to wait and install the upgrade after its first minor update is released (in this case, 10.15.1).General recommendations for installing macOS upgrades: OS X Mavericks to the present version of macOS are named after California locations. Mac OS X Cheetah-OS X Mountain Lion named major operating system releases after large cats. Major operating system upgrades for all future macOS releases are delivered through an installer downloaded from the Mac App Store (prior to OS X Lion, operating system upgrades were delivered through a DVD). Instructions for installing macOS updates can be found here. macOS Mojave-Present has moved operating system update installs back through Software Update in System Preferences. OS X Mountain Lion-macOS High Sierra installs operating system updates through the Mac App Store. Mac OS X Cheetah-OS X Lion installs operating system updates through Software Update in System Preferences. MacOS (formerly Mac OS X and OS X) is the operating system that powers Mac computers. ![]() Occasionally, Apple will make major changes to how app data syncs across devices over iCloud, and waiting to upgrade devices after the major operating system upgrades have been released for each device type provides for the smoothest upgrade experience. Instructions on updating each device are also included.įor users with multiple Apple devices (such as a Mac, iPhone, and iPad, etc.), I recommend waiting to install annual major operating system upgrades after Apple has released the major operating system upgrades for each device type. This is a regularly updated list of Apple operating system updates (grouped by device), along with guidance in determining when it is recommended to install each update. AKB2000014 Ongoing List of Apple Operating System Updates |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |